1: With AlCl3, aluminium chloride in dichloromethane T=-78 - 20°C; Friedel Crafts Acylation; 2: With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide in water T=0°C; pH=5; 3: With hydrogenchloride in water 18 h; Heating / reflux;

hydrogenchloride in sodium hydroxide; dichloromethane; water

1: 45 percent / conc. H2SO4, 90percent HNO3 / a) r.t., 12 h, b) 100 deg C, 1 h 2: conc. HCl / Heating View Scheme