sodium hydroxide in methanol; water 4 h; Heating;

1: With hydrogenchloride in methanol; water 40 h; Inert atmosphereIrradiation; 2: in water 1.5 h; RefluxInert atmosphere; 3: With sodium hydroxide in water 4.5 h; RefluxInert atmosphere;

water; sodium hydroxide in methanol 4.5 h; Reflux;

sodium hydroxide Heating;

sodium hydroxide in tetrahydrofuran; methanol Ambient temperature;

4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; Fonderma; 2-methylpropane-2-thiol in benzene HeatingIrradiation;

1.1: bromine / 1,4-dioxane / 60 h / 10 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2.1: sodium hydroxide / methanol / 3 h / |Reflux 3.1: sulfuric acid / 25 h / 20 - 25 °C 4.1: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water / 40 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Irradiation 4.2: 1.5 h / |Reflux; |Inert atmosphere 4.3: 4.5 h / |Reflux; |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1.1: sodium hydroxide / methanol / 3 h / |Reflux 2.1: sulfuric acid / 25 h / 20 - 25 °C 3.1: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water / 40 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Irradiation 3.2: 1.5 h / |Reflux; |Inert atmosphere 3.3: 4.5 h / |Reflux; |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1.1: Dowex 50W-X8 resin / toluene / 30 h / |Dean-Stark; |Heating 2.1: bromine / 1,4-dioxane / 60 h / 10 - 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3.1: sodium hydroxide / methanol / 3 h / |Reflux 4.1: sulfuric acid / 25 h / 20 - 25 °C 5.1: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water / 40 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Irradiation 5.2: 1.5 h / |Reflux; |Inert atmosphere 5.3: 4.5 h / |Reflux; |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide 1.) reflux, 4 h, H2O; Yield given. Multistep reaction;