in methanol; water Yield given;

1: 97 percent / dimethylformamide / 20 °C / electrolysis; anode: platinum, cathode: mercury pool; lithium perchlorate, potential of -1V (vs saturated calomel electrode) 2: 77 percent / aq. 15percent HCl, HgCl2 / 6 h / Heating View Scheme

lithium perchlorate in N,N-dimethyl-formamide 8 h; electrochemical reduction - cathodic potential of -0.8 V (vs SCE); anode: platinum, cathode: mercury pool;

1: 97 percent / anhydrous lithium perchlorate, anhydrous sodium carbonate, sodium thiosulfate / dimethylformamide / 20 °C / electrolysis 2: 97 percent / dimethylformamide / 1 h / Heating View Scheme