carbon monoxide; butyric acid sodium salt in neat (no solvent) mixt. of PdCl(C3H5), HCO2Me, Na butyrate (as nucleophile) stirred at room temp. for 30 min, addn. of CO, react. time 2 h; react. mixt. filtered, colourless liquid analysed by GLC;

carbon monoxide; butyric acid sodium salt in neat (no solvent) mixt. of PdCl(C3H5), MeOH, Na butyrate (as nucleophile) stirred at room temp. for 30 min, addn. of CO, react. time 2 h; react. mixt. filtered, colourless liquid analysed by GLC;

carbon monoxide in neat (no solvent) mixt. of PdCl(C3H5), HCO2Me and nucleophile (propionate,acetate,benzoate,chloroacetate,trifluoroacetate,t-BuO(1-),EtO(1-),MeO(1-),PhO(1-),p-Nitro-PhO(1-) or F3-EtO(1-), alkoxides under CO) stirred at room temp. for 30 min, addn. of CO, react. time 2 h; react. mixt. filtered, colourless liquid analysed by GLC;

carbon monoxide in neat (no solvent) mixt. of PdCl(C3H5), MeOH and nucleophile (propionate,acetate,benzoate,chloroacetate,trifluoroacetate,t-BuO(1-),EtO(1-),MeO(1-),PhO(1-),p-Nitro-PhO(1-) or F3-EtO(1-), alkoxides under CO) stirred at room temp. for 30 min, addn. of CO, react. time 2 h; react. mixt. filtered, colourless liquid analysed by GLC;

carbon monoxide; butyric acid sodium salt in neat (no solvent) mixt. of PdCl(C3H5), HCO2Me, Na butyrate (as nucleophile) stirred at room temp. for 30 min, addn. of CO, react. time 2 h; react. mixt. filtered, colourless liquid analysed by GLC;

carbon monoxide; butyric acid sodium salt in neat (no solvent) mixt. of PdCl(C3H5), MeOH, Na butyrate (as nucleophile) stirred at room temp. for 30 min, addn. of CO, react. time 2 h; react. mixt. filtered, colourless liquid analysed by GLC;