sodium hydroxide in water T=80 - 90°C; 2 h; Yield given;

1: With ethanol; sodium in toluene T=80 - 85°C; 2 h; 2: 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acetonitrile; carbonic acid diethyl ester in toluene T=80°C; 2 h;

1: cyanoacetic acid ethyl ester With sodium hydride in tetrahydrofuran Inert atmosphere; 2: 1-bromo-3,4-dimethoxy-benzene With tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) chloroform complex; 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,4,8-trioxa-6-isobutyl-6-phosphaadamantane in tetrahydrofuran T=60°C; Inert atmosphere;

in water; acetic acid; carbonic acid diethyl ester

copper(l) iodide; sodium hydride 1.) HMPT, 25 deg C, 10 min; 2.) 90-95 deg C, 3 h; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

hydrogen in ethanol T=20°C;