1.1: hydrogenchloride / acetonitrile; water / 10 - 65 °C 1.2: 0.5 h / pH 11 - 13 2.1: isopropyl alcohol / 50 h / 4 - 25 °C 3.1: sodium hydroxide / water / 4 - 25 °C / pH 10 - 12 4.1: 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran / 10 - 35 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.2: 4 °C 5.1: trifluoroacetic anhydride / 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran / 35 - 45 °C 5.2: 20 - 35 °C / 2250.23 - 4500.45 Torr / Inert atmosphere 5.3: pH 10 - 12 6.1: formic acid / 10 - 95 °C 6.2: 20 - 25 °C / pH 9 - 10 6.3: 20 - 25 °C 7.1: methanesulfonic acid; dl-methionine / 75 - 80 °C 7.2: 15 - 50 °C / pH 10 - 11 View Scheme

1: 54 percent / TiCl4, Zn / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / -10 °C 2: 75 percent / acetic anhydride, pyridine / 5 h / Heating 3: BBr3, methanol / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / Ambient temperature 4: pyridine View Scheme

hydrogenchloride in water; acetonitrile T=10 - 65°C; Mannich Aminomethylation;

1: TiCl4, Zn / dioxane / 1.) 0 deg C, 2 h, 2.) 101 deg C, 4 h 2: 65 percent / BBr3 / CH2Cl2 View Scheme

(NH4)2S2O8; [{(η5-C5Me5)RhCl}2(μ-Cl)2] in water T=110°C; 12 h; Inert atmosphereSealed tube;

[(η5-C5Me5)2Rh2(μ-Cl)2Cl2]; oxygen; caesium carbonate in methanol T=65°C; 12 h; Sealed tube; ConcentrationTime;

Hydrogenation;