potassium carbonate in tetrahydrofuran 15 h; Heating;

1.1: n-BuLi / tetrahydrofuran; cyclohexane / 0.17 h / -78 °C 1.2: 87 percent / tetrahydrofuran; cyclohexane / 0.5 h / -78 °C 2.1: 85 percent / H2 / Pd(OH)2 / methanol / 12 h / 25 °C / 760 Torr View Scheme

formic acid in methanol; water T=25°C; 72 h;