potassium hydroxide; toluene-4-sulfonic acid in water

potassium hydroxide in methanol; water

potassium hydroxide in methanol 3 h; Heating;

1: 1.) BuLi / 1.) ether, hexane, 4 h, 2.) ether, hexane, overnight 2: 78.3 percent / KOH / ethane-1,2-diol / 8 h / 160 °C 3: 86 percent / ethane-1,2-diol / 6 h / 160 °C 4: 90 percent / KOH / methanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 86 percent / ethane-1,2-diol / 6 h / 160 °C 2: 90 percent / KOH / methanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 93 percent / K2CO3 / acetone / 6 h / Heating 2: 1.) BuLi / 1.) ether, hexane, 4 h, 2.) ether, hexane, overnight 3: 78.3 percent / KOH / ethane-1,2-diol / 8 h / 160 °C 4: 86 percent / ethane-1,2-diol / 6 h / 160 °C 5: 90 percent / KOH / methanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 86 percent / ethane-1,2-diol / 6 h / 160 °C 2: 90 percent / KOH / methanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 78.3 percent / KOH / ethane-1,2-diol / 8 h / 160 °C 2: 86 percent / ethane-1,2-diol / 6 h / 160 °C 3: 90 percent / KOH / methanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme