Theorell-Stenhagen buffer system in water T=60°C; Hydrolysis; pH=9; 7 h; Kinetics; Further Variations:pH-valuesSolventsReagents;

acetic acid in acetone T=20 - 70°C; Ring cleavage; hydrolysis;

1.1: 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide / CH2Cl2 / 0.25 h 1.2: 72 percent / 4-dimethylaminopyridine / CH2Cl2 / 16 h / Heating 2.1: aq. HCl / 65 °C / pH 2 View Scheme