1: 100 percent / Triton B / tetrahydrofuran; 2-methyl-propan-2-ol / Ambient temperature 2: Zn, conc. HCl / ethanol / Heating 3: NaOH 4: 100 percent / OsO4, NaIO4 / tetrahydrofuran; H2O / 0 - 20 °C 5: 100 percent / p-TsOH / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / Heating 6: 90 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 7: 98 percent / DCC / CH2Cl2 / Ambient temperature 8: 92 percent / aq. AcOH / Heating 9: 100 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol / Ambient temperature 10: 92 percent / pyridine / 0 - 20 °C 11: 100 percent / NaIO4 / methanol; ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C 12: 85 percent / (CF3CO)2O / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C 13: 100 percent / Raney-Ni / acetone / Heating 14: K2CO3 / methanol 15: (COCl)2, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / -60 - 20 °C 16: 78 percent / PhI(OAc)2, KOH / 0 °C 17: 83 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 18: 85 percent / p-TsOH / tetrahydrofuran / Heating View Scheme

1: 100 percent / OsO4, NaIO4 / tetrahydrofuran; H2O / 0 - 20 °C 2: 100 percent / p-TsOH / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / Heating 3: 90 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 4: 98 percent / DCC / CH2Cl2 / Ambient temperature 5: 92 percent / aq. AcOH / Heating 6: 100 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol / Ambient temperature 7: 92 percent / pyridine / 0 - 20 °C 8: 100 percent / NaIO4 / methanol; ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C 9: 85 percent / (CF3CO)2O / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C 10: 100 percent / Raney-Ni / acetone / Heating 11: K2CO3 / methanol 12: (COCl)2, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / -60 - 20 °C 13: 78 percent / PhI(OAc)2, KOH / 0 °C 14: 83 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 15: 85 percent / p-TsOH / tetrahydrofuran / Heating View Scheme

1: 100 percent / p-TsOH / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / Heating 2: 90 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 3: 98 percent / DCC / CH2Cl2 / Ambient temperature 4: 92 percent / aq. AcOH / Heating 5: 100 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol / Ambient temperature 6: 92 percent / pyridine / 0 - 20 °C 7: 100 percent / NaIO4 / methanol; ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C 8: 85 percent / (CF3CO)2O / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C 9: 100 percent / Raney-Ni / acetone / Heating 10: K2CO3 / methanol 11: (COCl)2, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / -60 - 20 °C 12: 78 percent / PhI(OAc)2, KOH / 0 °C 13: 83 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 14: 85 percent / p-TsOH / tetrahydrofuran / Heating View Scheme

1: 98 percent / DCC / CH2Cl2 / Ambient temperature 2: 92 percent / aq. AcOH / Heating 3: 100 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol / Ambient temperature 4: 92 percent / pyridine / 0 - 20 °C 5: 100 percent / NaIO4 / methanol; ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C 6: 85 percent / (CF3CO)2O / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C 7: 100 percent / Raney-Ni / acetone / Heating 8: K2CO3 / methanol 9: (COCl)2, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / -60 - 20 °C 10: 78 percent / PhI(OAc)2, KOH / 0 °C 11: 83 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 12: 85 percent / p-TsOH / tetrahydrofuran / Heating View Scheme

1: (COCl)2, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / -60 - 20 °C 2: 78 percent / PhI(OAc)2, KOH / 0 °C 3: 83 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 4: 85 percent / p-TsOH / tetrahydrofuran / Heating View Scheme

1: 78 percent / PhI(OAc)2, KOH / 0 °C 2: 83 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 3: 85 percent / p-TsOH / tetrahydrofuran / Heating View Scheme

1: Zn, conc. HCl / ethanol / Heating 2: NaOH 3: 100 percent / OsO4, NaIO4 / tetrahydrofuran; H2O / 0 - 20 °C 4: 100 percent / p-TsOH / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / Heating 5: 90 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 6: 98 percent / DCC / CH2Cl2 / Ambient temperature 7: 92 percent / aq. AcOH / Heating 8: 100 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol / Ambient temperature 9: 92 percent / pyridine / 0 - 20 °C 10: 100 percent / NaIO4 / methanol; ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C 11: 85 percent / (CF3CO)2O / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C 12: 100 percent / Raney-Ni / acetone / Heating 13: K2CO3 / methanol 14: (COCl)2, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / -60 - 20 °C 15: 78 percent / PhI(OAc)2, KOH / 0 °C 16: 83 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 17: 85 percent / p-TsOH / tetrahydrofuran / Heating View Scheme

1: 90 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 2: 98 percent / DCC / CH2Cl2 / Ambient temperature 3: 92 percent / aq. AcOH / Heating 4: 100 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol / Ambient temperature 5: 92 percent / pyridine / 0 - 20 °C 6: 100 percent / NaIO4 / methanol; ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C 7: 85 percent / (CF3CO)2O / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C 8: 100 percent / Raney-Ni / acetone / Heating 9: K2CO3 / methanol 10: (COCl)2, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / -60 - 20 °C 11: 78 percent / PhI(OAc)2, KOH / 0 °C 12: 83 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 13: 85 percent / p-TsOH / tetrahydrofuran / Heating View Scheme

1: 100 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol / Ambient temperature 2: 92 percent / pyridine / 0 - 20 °C 3: 100 percent / NaIO4 / methanol; ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C 4: 85 percent / (CF3CO)2O / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C 5: 100 percent / Raney-Ni / acetone / Heating 6: K2CO3 / methanol 7: (COCl)2, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / -60 - 20 °C 8: 78 percent / PhI(OAc)2, KOH / 0 °C 9: 83 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 10: 85 percent / p-TsOH / tetrahydrofuran / Heating View Scheme

1: 92 percent / pyridine / 0 - 20 °C 2: 100 percent / NaIO4 / methanol; ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C 3: 85 percent / (CF3CO)2O / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C 4: 100 percent / Raney-Ni / acetone / Heating 5: K2CO3 / methanol 6: (COCl)2, DMSO / CH2Cl2 / -60 - 20 °C 7: 78 percent / PhI(OAc)2, KOH / 0 °C 8: 83 percent / sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium (Red-Al) / benzene / Heating 9: 85 percent / p-TsOH / tetrahydrofuran / Heating View Scheme