1: 98 percent / acetic acid / dimethylformamide / 1.5 h / 95 °C 2: 1.) t-BuOK, 2.) 10percent aq. HCl / 1.) DMF, 100 deg C, 2 h, 2.) r.t., 15 min 3: 1.) isoamyl nitrite / 2.) dioxane, reflux, overnight 4: 100 percent / 10percent ethanolic KOH / dioxane / 0.25 h / Heating 5: 72 percent / Cu powder, Cu(O(CH3)C=CH-COCH3)2, 2,2-dipyridine / quinoline / 0.5 h / 180 °C View Scheme