1: With vinyl acetate; lithium tetrachloropalladate T=60°C; 3 h; 2: With sodium hydroxide in methanol; water T=20°C; 2 h;

methanol; potassium hydroxide T=20°C; 0.25 h;

1.1: hydrazine hydrate / 1,2-dichloro-ethane; ethanol / 28 h / 0 - 20 °C 2.1: sodium hydrogencarbonate / toluene / 20 h / 20 °C 3.1: vinyl acetate; lithium tetrachloropalladate / 3 h / 60 °C 3.2: 2 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: sodium hydrogencarbonate / toluene / 20 h / 20 °C 2.1: vinyl acetate; lithium tetrachloropalladate / 3 h / 60 °C 2.2: 2 h / 20 °C View Scheme