1: 74 percent / sulfur, Et3N / dimethylformamide / 3 h / 60 - 70 °C 2: 30 g / KOH, water / methanol / 2 h / Heating 3: 45 percent / H2SO4 / 18 h / Ambient temperature 4: 92 percent / aq. NaHCO3 / toluene / 1.5 h / 40 - 50 °C 5: 25 g / NH3 / ethyl acetate / 3 h / Ambient temperature 6: 52 percent / silica gel / toluene / Heating 7: P2S5, NaHCO3 / bis-(2-methoxy-ethyl) ether / 3 h / 70 - 80 °C 8: 6 g / hydrazine / tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / 45 - 80 °C 9: 80 percent / 1 h / 80 °C View Scheme

1: 74 percent / sulfur, Et3N / dimethylformamide / 3 h / 60 - 70 °C 2: 30 g / KOH, water / methanol / 2 h / Heating 3: 45 percent / H2SO4 / 18 h / Ambient temperature 4: 92 percent / aq. NaHCO3 / toluene / 1.5 h / 40 - 50 °C 5: 25 g / NH3 / ethyl acetate / 3 h / Ambient temperature 6: 52 percent / silica gel / toluene / Heating 7: P2S5, NaHCO3 / bis-(2-methoxy-ethyl) ether / 3 h / 70 - 80 °C 8: 6 g / hydrazine / tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / 45 - 80 °C 9: 80 percent / 1 h / 80 °C 10: 98 percent / KOH / methanol View Scheme

hydrazine in ethanol 22 h; Heating / reflux;

in ethanol 22 h; Heating / reflux;

sodium hydride in tetrahydrofuran; dimethyl sulfoxide T=-5°C; 2 h;

Rhodococcus rhodochrous IFO 15564

thionyl chloride; toluene-4-sulfonic acid in water; ethyl acetate; toluene

1: carbon disulfide; 3-(2-Chlorophenyl)-3-oxo-propionitrile With potassium hydroxide in 1,4-dioxane T=20°C; 1.5 h; 2: methyl iodide in chloroform 3 h;

1: S8; morpholine / ethanol / 1 h / 70 °C 2: pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / 20 °C 3: TFA / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / 20 °C 4: MnO2 / toluene / 0.08 h / 120 °C / microwave irradiation View Scheme

in methanol T=120°C; 0.666667 h; Inert atmosphereMicrowave irradiation;