2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile; tri-n-butyl-tin hydride in toluene 16 h; Heating;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 4 steps<br /> </b>1: 61 percent / 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate; 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride; 4-dimethylaminopyridine / CH₂Cl₂ / 16 h / 20 &deg;C<br />2: 98 percent / H₂ / Pd/C / aq. ethanol / 1.5 h<br />3: 88 percent / PyBroP; 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole; DIPEA / CH₂Cl₂ / 48 h / 20 &deg;C<br />4: 76 percent / tin(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate / acetone / 48 h / 40 &deg;C<br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 3 steps<br /> </b>1: 98 percent / H₂ / Pd/C / aq. ethanol / 1.5 h<br />2: 88 percent / PyBroP; 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole; DIPEA / CH₂Cl₂ / 48 h / 20 &deg;C<br />3: 76 percent / tin(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate / acetone / 48 h / 40 &deg;C<br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 2 steps<br /> </b>1: 88 percent / PyBroP; 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole; DIPEA / CH₂Cl₂ / 48 h / 20 &deg;C<br />2: 76 percent / tin(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate / acetone / 48 h / 40 &deg;C<br /> <br /> &nbsp;

<b>Multi-step reaction with 2 steps<br /> </b>1: 68 percent / 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride; HOBt; DMAP / CH₂Cl₂ / 16 h / 20 &deg;C<br />2: 60 percent / tin(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate / acetone / 40 &deg;C<br /> <br /> &nbsp;