triethylamine T=20°C; P=8250660 Torr; 168 h; Product distribution; Further Variations:ReagentsPressures;

sodium dithionite in acetonitrile

sodium dithionite in acetonitrile

potassium phosphate buffer in methanol T=30°C; free and the urethane prepolymer-entrapped acetone-dried cells of Arthrobacter simplex; effect of gel hydrophobicity; effect of electron acceptors and solvents;

methanol; triethylamine 0.0833333 h; Ambient temperatureIrradiation;

phosphate buffer in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=37°C; Kinetics;

1: 97 percent / pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / benzene / 1 h / Heating 2: 84 percent / 2percent acetic acid / methanol / 2 h / Ambient temperature 3: 88 percent / pyridine / 2 h / Ambient temperature 4: 60 percent / KOAc / dimethylformamide / 6 h / 90 - 100 °C 5: 72 percent / 18-crown-6, NH4Cl / dimethylsulfoxide; H2O / 1.5 h / 85 - 90 °C 6: 90 percent / HCl / H2O / 2 h / Heating 7: 40 percent / H2SO4 / 2 h / Heating View Scheme

1.1: pyridine / 5 °C 2.1: NaI / acetone / 20 °C 3.1: NaI; HOAc / acetone / Heating 4.1: 1.40 g / semicarbazide*HCl / H2O; acetic acid / 9.7 h / 80 - 85 °C 5.1: 1.42 g / DMAP; pyridine / 25 h 6.1: LiN(TMS)2 / tetrahydrofuran; hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide / 0.17 h / -65 - -60 °C 6.2: 82 percent / tetrahydrofuran; hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide / 0.03 h / -65 - 10 °C 7.1: 85.5 percent / CuCN / various solvent(s); tetrahydrofuran / 0.22 h / -45 °C 8.1: 63 percent / 4A molecular sieves; benzyltrimethylammonium fluoride / tetrahydrofuran / 0.75 h / 20 °C 9.1: 97 percent / aq. HCl / methanol / 2.5 h / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: thionyl chloride / tetrahydrofuran / 0.67 h / 0 °C / |Inert atmosphere 1.2: 1.25 h / 5 - 20 °C 2.1: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3.1: 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene / tetrahydrofuran / 3 h / 60 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: 97 percent / pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / benzene / 1 h / Heating 2: 84 percent / 2percent acetic acid / methanol / 2 h / Ambient temperature 3: 88 percent / pyridine / 2 h / Ambient temperature 4: 60 percent / KOAc / dimethylformamide / 6 h / 90 - 100 °C View Scheme