hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide 1.) ethanol, reflux, 4 h, 2.) water; Multistep reaction;

1: 72 percent / chlorosulfonic acid / 3 h / 55 - 65 °C 2: NaNO3, conc. H2SO4 / 3 h / 0 - 5 °C 3: 1.) aq. NaOH, 2.) hydrochloric acid / 1.) ethanol, reflux, 4 h, 2.) water View Scheme

1: NaNO3, conc. H2SO4 / 3 h / 0 - 5 °C 2: 1.) aq. NaOH, 2.) hydrochloric acid / 1.) ethanol, reflux, 4 h, 2.) water View Scheme

1: 0.39 g / chlorosulfonic acid 2: 1.) aq. NaOH, 2.) hydrochloric acid / 1.) ethanol, reflux, 4 h, 2.) water View Scheme