copper(l) iodide; caesium carbonate in dimethyl sulfoxide T=110°C; 24 h;

sodium carbonate in water 48 h; Ambient temperature;

sodium hydroxide in diethyl ether; water 4.75 h; Ambient temperature;

1: thionyl chloride / 20 °C 2: sodium hydrogencarbonate / 1,4-dioxane; water / 0 - 20 °C 3: triphenylphosphine; diethylazodicarboxylate / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 4: lithium borohydride / tetrahydrofuran / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

copper(l) iodide; caesium carbonate in dimethyl sulfoxide T=110°C; 24 h;

1: 100 percent / thionyl chloride / 74 h / Ambient temperature 2: 1.) chlorotrimethylsilane, Et3N, 2.) Et3N, Pb(NO3)2 / 1) CH2Cl2, reflux, 1 h; 2) CH2Cl2, MeOH, rt, 96 h View Scheme

1.1: thionyl chloride / Inert atmosphere 2.1: Inert atmosphere 3.1: triethylamine / Inert atmosphere 4.1: pyridinium chlorochromate / Inert atmosphere 5.1: sodium hexamethyldisilazane / tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.2: 1.5 h / -78 - 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 6.1: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / tetrahydrofuran; water / 3.33 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 7.1: diethyl ether / 0.25 h / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 8.1: toluene / 6 h / Inert atmosphere; Reflux 9.1: tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride / tetrahydrofuran / Inert atmosphere 10.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran / 1.5 h / Inert atmosphere 11.1: pyridine / toluene / 2.5 h / Inert atmosphere; Reflux 12.1: diethyl ether / 0.33 h / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 13.1: 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene / dichloromethane / 4 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 14.1: Cu(I)CN / tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 14.2: 0.75 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 15.1: dimethylsulfide; oxygen; ozone / methanol; dichloromethane / 2 h / -116 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 16.1: diethyl ether / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 17.1: potassium hexamethylsilazane / tetrahydrofuran / 0.25 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 17.2: 1.5 h / -78 - 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 18.1: triethylsilane; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); lithium chloride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 2 h / 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 19.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 20.1: trifluoroacetic acid / tetrahydrofuran; dichloromethane / 10 h / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

Unter der Einwirkung mehrerer Clostridium-Arten;

in 1,4-dioxane; water T=25°C; ΔH(excit.), ΔS(excit.), and solvent isotope effect (kH/kD); var. dioxane contents; Rate constant;

dinitrogen tetroxide impregnated on activated charcoal in dichloromethane T=20°C; 0.25 h;