1: With potassium carbonate in 1,4-dioxane T=100°C; 6 h; 2: With copper(l) iodide in 1,4-dioxane T=20 - 120°C; 4 h;

1.1: acetonitrile / 6 h / 82 °C 1.2: 1 h / 0 - 20 °C 2.1: toluene-4-sulfonic acid / toluene / 5 h / 111 °C / |Dean-Stark 2.2: 18 h / 66 °C 3.1: potassium hydroxide / water; ethanol / 3 h / 78 °C 3.2: 20 °C / pH 3 4.1: acetyl chloride / 16 h / 52 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride; triethylamine in dichloromethane 0.5 h; Ambient temperature;