potassium permanganate; magnesium sulfate in water; tert-butyl alcohol 5 h; Ambient temperature;

potassium hydroxide in ethanol; toluene 1.5 h; Heating;

1: With acetic acid in methanol 2: With tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); potassium carbonate; palladium on activated charcoal in N,N-dimethyl-formamide Heating;

1: 80 percent / 1.) Na/MeOH / 1.) 15 min, 2.) room temp., 1.5 h; 80 deg C, 1 h 2: 30 percent / 16 h / 210 °C View Scheme