1: With hydrogenchloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; copper dichloride; α-acetoxyacetyl chloride in water; dimethyl sulfoxide T=90°C; 5 h; 2: With sodium hydroxide; water in dimethyl sulfoxide pH=~ 8;

hydrogenchloride; 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone in water T=20°C; 2 h; regiospecific reaction;

hydrogenchloride; copper dichloride T=90°C; 5 h; H+ = 0.6 mol dm-3; Yield given;

epoxysulfonyl fluoride T=20°C; 0.5 h; Product distributionMechanism;