in tetrahydrofuran; pyridine 1) 0 deg C, 15 min.; 2) room temp., 3 h;

in water T=40°C;

1: 24 h / 120 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: tert.-butyl lithium; carbon tetrabromide / -78 °C 3: tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0); dicyclohexyl(2',6'-diisopropoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine; potassium phosphate / 1,4-dioxane / 1 h / 120 °C / |Inert atmosphere; |Microwave irradiation 4: hydrogenchloride / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

hydrogen; palladium 10 on activated carbon in ethanol T=20°C;

lithium aluminium tetrahydride in diethyl ether 2 h; Ambient temperature;

1: methanol / 2 h / 120 °C / Microwave irradiation 2: hydrogen / 10 palladium on activated charcoal / methanol / 4 h View Scheme

1: triethylamine / 60 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: hydrogen / palladium 10 on activated carbon / ethanol / 20 °C View Scheme

ammonium hydroxide; copper(II) sulfate T=130°C;

1: 60 percent / pyridine / tetrahydrofuran / 0 deg C, 15 min, then room temperature, 3 h 2: 91 percent / LiAlH4 / diethyl ether / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1-iso-propyl-4-methylbenzene; sodium amide T=210°C;