1: lithium diisopropylamide / 1) THF, -78 deg C, 2) 0 deg C 2: 83 percent / Pd(PPh3)4 / benzene / 1 h / 25 °C 3: 70 percent / TiCl4 / CH2Cl2; H2O / 25 °C View Scheme

1: lithium diisopropylamide / 1) THF, -78 deg C, 2) 0 deg C 2: 62 percent / Pd(PPh3)4 / benzene / 3 h / 25 °C 3: 65 percent / HgCl2 / acetonitrile; H2O / 8 h / 100 °C View Scheme

lithium perchlorate Electrochemical reaction;