sodium carbonate in dichloromethane T=0 - 20°C; 2 h;

1: With sodium hydroxide in dichloromethane T=20°C; 0.5 h; 2: With N-benzyl-N,N,N-trimethyl-ammonium chloride in dichloromethane 2 h; Reflux;

1.1: (-)-Dibenzoyl-L-tartaric acid / isopropyl alcohol; water / 24 h / 20 °C 2.1: triethylamine; 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine / dichloromethane / |Cooling with ice 3.1: ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate / water; acetonitrile / 0.08 h / 0 °C 4.1: sodium hydroxide / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C 4.2: 2 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1.1: triethylamine; 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine / dichloromethane / |Cooling with ice 2.1: ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate / water; acetonitrile / 0.08 h / 0 °C 3.1: sodium hydroxide / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C 3.2: 2 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1.1: potassium phosphate; copper(l) iodide / ethylene glycol; isopropyl alcohol / 24 h / 80 °C 2.1: 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone / 0.5 h / 20 °C 2.2: 20 °C 3.1: ammonia; hydrogen / methanol / 4 h / 20 °C / 5171.62 Torr 4.1: (-)-Dibenzoyl-L-tartaric acid / isopropyl alcohol; water / 24 h / 20 °C 5.1: triethylamine; 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine / dichloromethane / |Cooling with ice 6.1: ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate / water; acetonitrile / 0.08 h / 0 °C 7.1: sodium hydroxide / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C 7.2: 2 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1.1: ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate / water; acetonitrile / 0.08 h / 0 °C 2.1: sodium hydroxide / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C 2.2: 2 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1.1: 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone / 0.5 h / 20 °C 1.2: 20 °C 2.1: ammonia; hydrogen / methanol / 4 h / 20 °C / 5171.62 Torr 3.1: (-)-Dibenzoyl-L-tartaric acid / isopropyl alcohol; water / 24 h / 20 °C 4.1: triethylamine; 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine / dichloromethane / |Cooling with ice 5.1: ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate / water; acetonitrile / 0.08 h / 0 °C 6.1: sodium hydroxide / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C 6.2: 2 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1.1: ammonia; hydrogen / methanol / 4 h / 20 °C / 5171.62 Torr 2.1: (-)-Dibenzoyl-L-tartaric acid / isopropyl alcohol; water / 24 h / 20 °C 3.1: triethylamine; 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine / dichloromethane / |Cooling with ice 4.1: ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate / water; acetonitrile / 0.08 h / 0 °C 5.1: sodium hydroxide / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / 20 °C 5.2: 2 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1: 4-methyl-morpholine / dichloromethane / 4 h / 20 °C 2: phosphoric acid / water / 0.33 h / 150 °C / |Microwave irradiation 3: sodium carbonate / dichloromethane / 2 h / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

tetraproline chiral stationary phase packed on HPLC column in hexane; isopropyl alcohol Resolution of racemate;