1: iodine / toluene / 5 h / |Reflux; |Inert atmosphere 2: palladium diacetate; caesium carbonate / diethylene glycol dimethyl ether / 8 h / 100 °C / 760.05 Torr / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1.1: iodine / toluene / 5 h / |Reflux; |Inert atmosphere 2.1: potassium tert-butylate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 6 h / 150 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2.2: 6 h / 60 °C View Scheme

iodine in benzene Heating;