toluene-4-sulfonic acid in toluene; acetonitrile Heating;

sodium methylate in tetrahydrofuran 4 h; Ambient temperature;

1: 94.4 percent / NaOH, zinc dust, methanol / 4 h / Ambient temperature 2: HClO4 / diethyl ether / -78 °C 3: 70.6 percent / acetonitrile / Ambient temperature 4: 90 percent / NaOMe / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature; other phosphonate, var. aldehydes and ketones; other reagent View Scheme

1: HClO4 / diethyl ether / -78 °C 2: 70.6 percent / acetonitrile / Ambient temperature 3: 90 percent / NaOMe / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature; other phosphonate, var. aldehydes and ketones; other reagent View Scheme

1: 70.6 percent / acetonitrile / Ambient temperature 2: 90 percent / NaOMe / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature; other phosphonate, var. aldehydes and ketones; other reagent View Scheme

1: 78 percent / hexane / 0 °C 2: 90 percent / TsOH / toluene; acetonitrile / Heating View Scheme

in benzene