sodium hydroxide in tetrahydrofuran; ethanol T=20 - 90°C; 3.5 h;

1: in 1,2-dichloro-ethane; toluene T=80°C; 2: With thionyl chloride in toluene T=90°C; 3: With sodium hydroxide in tetrahydrofuran; ethanol T=80°C;

1: 84 percent / toluene; 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 30 h / 80 °C 2: 93 percent / SOCl2 / toluene / 4 h / 60 - 90 °C 3: 96 percent / NaOH / ethanol; tetrahydrofuran / 3.5 h / 20 - 90 °C View Scheme

1: 93 percent / SOCl2 / toluene / 4 h / 60 - 90 °C 2: 96 percent / NaOH / ethanol; tetrahydrofuran / 3.5 h / 20 - 90 °C View Scheme