tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); potassium carbonate in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=110°C; 48 h; Inert atmosphere;

1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone; 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; phosphonic acid diethyl ester; nickel dichloride; zinc dibromide in tetrahydrofuran T=20°C; 1 h;

manganese; cobalt (II) bromide; triphenylphosphine; trifluoroacetic acid in pyridine; N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=50°C;

palladium diacetate; potassium carbonate in butanone T=120°C; Ullmann reaction; 12 h; Inert atmosphere;

1: 1-bromo-4-methoxy-benzene With magnesium in tetrahydrofuran 2: With zinc dibromide in tetrahydrofuran 3: 3-Bromobenzoic acid ethyl ester With 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; phosphonic acid diethyl ester; nickel dichloride in tetrahydrofuran T=25°C; Negishi cross-coupling; 1 h;