potassium hydroxide; dibenzo-18-crown-6 in toluene T=50 - 55°C; 1.5 h;

potassium hydride; ammonium chloride 1a) HMPA, 4h, room temp., 1b) 120 deg C, 2h; Yield given. Multistep reaction. Further byproducts given. Yields of byproduct given;

1: 10 percent / Et2AlCl 2: 52 percent / 35percent KH / hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide; paraffin / 1a) 4h, room temp., 1b) 120 deg C, 2h 3: 94 percent / H2 / 10percent Pd/C / cyclohexane / 16 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme