1: With sodium hydride in DMF (N,N-dimethyl-formamide) T=20 - 23°C; 2: With hydrogenchloride in DMF (N,N-dimethyl-formamide); water

1: With palladium diacetate; potassium carbonate; 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene in dimethyl sulfoxide T=20 - 60°C; 2: With hydrogenchloride in water; dimethyl sulfoxide