aluminium trichloride in toluene T=50 - 60°C; 1 h; or benzene;

sulfuric acid

1: 1.) KCN 2.) conc. HCl, AcOH / 1.) H2O, EtOH, room temperature, 6 days 2.) reflux, 72 h 2: acetanhydride / 6 h / Heating 3: AlCl3 / toluene / 1 h / 50 - 60 °C / or benzene View Scheme

1: acetanhydride / 6 h / Heating 2: AlCl3 / toluene / 1 h / 50 - 60 °C / or benzene View Scheme

1: 60 percent 2: 1.) KCN 2.) conc. HCl, AcOH / 1.) H2O, EtOH, room temperature, 6 days 2.) reflux, 72 h 3: acetanhydride / 6 h / Heating 4: AlCl3 / toluene / 1 h / 50 - 60 °C / or benzene View Scheme