1.1: 94 percent / EDCI; DMAP / tetrahydrofuran / 15 h / 20 °C 2.1: (COCl)2 / CH2Cl2 / 0.75 h / 0 - 20 °C 2.2: FeCl3 / CH2Cl2 / -15 - 20 °C 2.3: 60 percent / H2SO4 / methanol / 15 h / Heating 3.1: H2SO4; KNO3 / 0.5 h / 0 °C 4.1: H2 / Raney Ni / ethyl acetate / 48 h / 3040 Torr 5.1: NaBH4 / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating View Scheme

1.1: 94 percent / EDCI; DMAP / tetrahydrofuran / 15 h / 20 °C 2.1: (COCl)2 / CH2Cl2 / 0.75 h / 0 - 20 °C 2.2: FeCl3 / CH2Cl2 / -15 - 20 °C 2.3: 60 percent / H2SO4 / methanol / 15 h / Heating 3.1: H2SO4; KNO3 / 0.5 h / 0 °C 4.1: H2 / Raney Ni / ethyl acetate / 48 h / 3040 Torr 5.1: NaBH4 / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating View Scheme

1: H2SO4; KNO3 / 0.5 h / 0 °C 2: H2 / Raney Ni / ethyl acetate / 48 h / 3040 Torr 3: NaBH4 / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating View Scheme

1.1: (COCl)2 / CH2Cl2 / 0.75 h / 0 - 20 °C 1.2: FeCl3 / CH2Cl2 / -15 - 20 °C 1.3: 60 percent / H2SO4 / methanol / 15 h / Heating 2.1: H2SO4; KNO3 / 0.5 h / 0 °C 3.1: H2 / Raney Ni / ethyl acetate / 48 h / 3040 Torr 4.1: NaBH4 / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating View Scheme

1: H2 / Raney Ni / ethyl acetate / 48 h / 3040 Torr 2: NaBH4 / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating View Scheme

sodium tetrahydroborate in methanol 0.5 h; Heating;