tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); potassium carbonate in tetrahydrofuran T=50°C; Suzuki cross-coupling;

potassium carbonate in methanol; hexane; toluene; decalin

potassium carbonate; copper in decalin T=200°C; 144 h;

1.1: 60 percent / sodium tert-butoxide; palladium(II) acetate; tri-o-tolylphosphine / toluene / 24 h / 110 °C 2.1: n-BuLi / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / cooling 2.2: trimethyl borate / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / cooling 2.3: 77 percent / HCl / tetrahydrofuran; H2O 3.1: 89 percent / Pd(PPh3)4; K2CO3 / tetrahydrofuran / 50 °C View Scheme

1.1: 60 percent / sodium tert-butoxide; palladium(II) acetate; tri-o-tolylphosphine / toluene / 24 h / 110 °C 2.1: n-BuLi / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / cooling 2.2: trimethyl borate / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / cooling 2.3: 77 percent / HCl / tetrahydrofuran; H2O 3.1: 89 percent / Pd(PPh3)4; K2CO3 / tetrahydrofuran / 50 °C View Scheme

1.1: n-BuLi / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / cooling 1.2: trimethyl borate / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / cooling 1.3: 77 percent / HCl / tetrahydrofuran; H2O 2.1: 89 percent / Pd(PPh3)4; K2CO3 / tetrahydrofuran / 50 °C View Scheme