1: 22.6 g / Na2CO3, EDC / H2O; CH2Cl2 / 22 h / Ambient temperature 2: 19.58 g / PhI(OCOCF3)2 / trifluoroacetic acid; CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 0 °C 3: BH3*Me2S / tetrahydrofuran / 30 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

sodium hydroxide; sodium carbonate 1 h;

N-hexadecyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide; Dec-L-His in acetonitrile T=25°C; 0.02M phosphate buffer, pH=7.3; other catalyst and surfactant concentrations; variation of catalysts and surfactants; Rate constant;

phosphate buffer; N-hexadecyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide; Nα-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-histidine T=25°C; pH= 7.30; other catalysts; Rate constant;

N-hexadecyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide; N-acetyl-L-His in water T=25°C; variation of pH, catalyst and their concentration, with an without anionic and non-ionic surfactants; Rate constantEquilibrium constant;

in various solvent(s) T=25°C; effect of the catalyst (CBZ-L-Leu-L-Hys-poly(ethyleneimine)s) on the stereoselectivity of hydrolysis; KineticsProduct distribution;

1.1: phosphorus pentachloride / CH2Cl2 / -10 - 20 °C 2.1: aluminum chloride / CH2Cl2 / 22 - 28 °C 2.2: aq. HCl / CH2Cl2 / -5 - 1 °C 3.1: Red-Al; sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride / toluene; tetrahydrofuran / -10 - 0 °C 4.1: pyridine / CH2Cl2 / -5 - 0 °C 5.1: nitric acid; trifluoroacetic acid; trifluoroacetic anhydride / CH2Cl2 / -35 - -30 °C 6.1: NaOH; methanol / 23 °C 7.1: acetic acid; perchloric acid; hydrogen / Pd/C / 15.5 h / 2172.08 - 2585.81 Torr 7.2: NaHCO3 / H2O; CH2Cl2 / 23 °C / pH 8.0 View Scheme