3-ethyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazolium bromide; 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene; isopropyl alcohol in tetrahydrofuran T=70°C; Sila-Stetter reaction; 24 h;

sodium cyanide in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=35°C; 20 h;

aluminium trichloride in dichloromethane Heating;

ammonium acetate in acetic acid T=130°C; 3 h;