sodium sulfide; sodium hydroxide 1) water, 50-55 deg C, 2,5 h 2) reflux 1 h; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide; dimethyl sulfate in water

in ethanol; water 48 h;

hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal in ethanol P=2585.7 Torr; 19 h;

1: 96 percent / H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / ethanol / 19 h / 2585.7 Torr 2: 92 percent / 4 h / 140 - 145 °C 3: 1.) NaH / 1.) DMF, 50 deg C, 30 min, 2.) DMF, 50 deg C, 1 h 4: 81 percent / 6 N HCl / various solvent(s) / 0.5 h / Heating View Scheme