1.1: potassium carbonate; potassium iodide / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 12 h / 50 - 60 °C 2.1: iron; ammonium chloride / ethanol; water / 1 h / |Reflux 3.1: methanesulfonic acid / ethanol / 2 h / |Reflux 4.1: hydrogenchloride; water / |Reflux 5.1: 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole / tetrahydrofuran / 5 h / 40 °C 6.1: hydrogenchloride; water / 0 - 40 °C / |Inert atmosphere 6.2: 3 h / -20 °C View Scheme

1.1: iron; ammonium chloride / ethanol; water / 1 h / |Reflux 2.1: methanesulfonic acid / ethanol / 2 h / |Reflux 3.1: hydrogenchloride; water / |Reflux 4.1: 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole / tetrahydrofuran / 5 h / 40 °C 5.1: hydrogenchloride; water / 0 - 40 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5.2: 3 h / -20 °C View Scheme

1.1: methanesulfonic acid / ethanol / 2 h / |Reflux 2.1: hydrogenchloride; water / |Reflux 3.1: 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole / tetrahydrofuran / 5 h / 40 °C 4.1: hydrogenchloride; water / 0 - 40 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4.2: 3 h / -20 °C View Scheme

1.1: methanesulfonic acid / ethanol / 2 h / |Reflux 2.1: hydrogenchloride; water / |Reflux 3.1: 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole / tetrahydrofuran / 5 h / 40 °C 4.1: hydrogenchloride; water / 0 - 40 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4.2: 3 h / -20 °C View Scheme