1: With hydrogenchloride; Nitrite; sodium nitrite in water T=-30°C; 1.5 h; 2: With hypodiphosphonic acid in water T=4°C; 3: With sodium hydroxide; water T=-30°C;

ammonia; hydrogen; nickel in ethanol T=90°C; P=67505.4 Torr; 22 h;

1: Br2 / diethyl ether 2: 50 percent / ethanol / 48 h / 20 °C 3: 72 percent / Na, Et2O / 24 h / Ambient temperature 4: 85 percent / HCl / 30 h / Heating 5: 18 percent / NH3, H2 / Raney Ni / ethanol / 22 h / 90 °C / 67505.4 Torr View Scheme

1: 50 percent / ethanol / 48 h / 20 °C 2: 72 percent / Na, Et2O / 24 h / Ambient temperature 3: 85 percent / HCl / 30 h / Heating 4: 18 percent / NH3, H2 / Raney Ni / ethanol / 22 h / 90 °C / 67505.4 Torr View Scheme

1: 72 percent / Na, Et2O / 24 h / Ambient temperature 2: 85 percent / HCl / 30 h / Heating 3: 18 percent / NH3, H2 / Raney Ni / ethanol / 22 h / 90 °C / 67505.4 Torr View Scheme

1: 85 percent / HCl / 30 h / Heating 2: 18 percent / NH3, H2 / Raney Ni / ethanol / 22 h / 90 °C / 67505.4 Torr View Scheme