1.1: sodium hydroxide; water / 4 h / |Reflux 2.1: pyridine / dichloromethane; acetonitrile / 3.5 h / 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.75 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Cooling with ice 3.2: |Inert atmosphere 4.1: sodium hydride / 6.5 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5.1: potassium tert-butylate / diethyl ether / 2 h / 40 - 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 6.1: tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogensulfate; potassium carbonate / water; dichloromethane / 20 °C 7.1: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); morpholine / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 8.1: potassium carbonate; silver(I) acetate / 0.33 h / 90 - 100 °C 9.1: sodium methylate / methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: pyridine / dichloromethane; acetonitrile / 3.5 h / 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.75 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Cooling with ice 2.2: |Inert atmosphere 3.1: sodium hydride / 6.5 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4.1: potassium tert-butylate / diethyl ether / 2 h / 40 - 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5.1: tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogensulfate; potassium carbonate / water; dichloromethane / 20 °C 6.1: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); morpholine / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 7.1: potassium carbonate; silver(I) acetate / 0.33 h / 90 - 100 °C 8.1: sodium methylate / methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

1: tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogensulfate; potassium carbonate / water; dichloromethane / 20 °C 2: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); morpholine / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 3: potassium carbonate; silver(I) acetate / 0.33 h / 90 - 100 °C 4: sodium methylate / methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.75 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Cooling with ice 1.2: |Inert atmosphere 2.1: sodium hydride / 6.5 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3.1: potassium tert-butylate / diethyl ether / 2 h / 40 - 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4.1: tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogensulfate; potassium carbonate / water; dichloromethane / 20 °C 5.1: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); morpholine / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 6.1: potassium carbonate; silver(I) acetate / 0.33 h / 90 - 100 °C 7.1: sodium methylate / methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

1: sodium hydride / 6.5 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: potassium tert-butylate / diethyl ether / 2 h / 40 - 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3: tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogensulfate; potassium carbonate / water; dichloromethane / 20 °C 4: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); morpholine / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 5: potassium carbonate; silver(I) acetate / 0.33 h / 90 - 100 °C 6: sodium methylate / methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

1: potassium tert-butylate / diethyl ether / 2 h / 40 - 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogensulfate; potassium carbonate / water; dichloromethane / 20 °C 3: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); morpholine / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 4: potassium carbonate; silver(I) acetate / 0.33 h / 90 - 100 °C 5: sodium methylate / methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C 2.1: potassium permanganate; magnesium sulfate / water / 5.5 h / |Reflux 3.1: sodium hydroxide; water / 4 h / |Reflux 4.1: pyridine / dichloromethane; acetonitrile / 3.5 h / 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.75 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Cooling with ice 5.2: |Inert atmosphere 6.1: sodium hydride / 6.5 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 7.1: potassium tert-butylate / diethyl ether / 2 h / 40 - 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 8.1: tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogensulfate; potassium carbonate / water; dichloromethane / 20 °C 9.1: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); morpholine / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 10.1: potassium carbonate; silver(I) acetate / 0.33 h / 90 - 100 °C 11.1: sodium methylate / methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: potassium permanganate; magnesium sulfate / water / 5.5 h / |Reflux 2.1: sodium hydroxide; water / 4 h / |Reflux 3.1: pyridine / dichloromethane; acetonitrile / 3.5 h / 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 4.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.75 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Cooling with ice 4.2: |Inert atmosphere 5.1: sodium hydride / 6.5 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 6.1: potassium tert-butylate / diethyl ether / 2 h / 40 - 45 °C / |Inert atmosphere 7.1: tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogensulfate; potassium carbonate / water; dichloromethane / 20 °C 8.1: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); morpholine / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 9.1: potassium carbonate; silver(I) acetate / 0.33 h / 90 - 100 °C 10.1: sodium methylate / methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

β-galactosidase Enzymatic reaction; Reagent/catalyst;

β-galactosidase Enzymatic reaction; Reagent/catalyst;