1.1: TFA / dioxane; H2O / 11 h / 20 °C 1.2: 70 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol / 2 h / 0 °C 2.1: imidazole / dimethylformamide / 1 h / 20 °C 3.1: 3.76 g / tetrabutylammonium iodide; NaH / dimethylformamide / 3 h / 0 °C 4.1: 72 percent / sodium acetate / PdCl2 / acetic acid; H2O / 3.5 h / 50 °C 5.1: 87 percent / AcOH; TBAF / tetrahydrofuran / 8 h / 20 °C 6.1: H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / acetic acid; ethanol; H2O / 45 h / 20 °C 6.2: 53 percent / HCl / H2O View Scheme

1.1: TFA / dioxane; H2O / 11 h / 20 °C 1.2: 71 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol / 2 h / 0 °C 2.1: imidazole / dimethylformamide / 1 h / 20 °C 3.1: 3.76 g / tetrabutylammonium iodide; NaH / dimethylformamide / 3 h / 0 °C 4.1: 72 percent / sodium acetate / PdCl2 / acetic acid; H2O / 3.5 h / 50 °C 5.1: 87 percent / AcOH; TBAF / tetrahydrofuran / 8 h / 20 °C 6.1: H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / acetic acid; ethanol; H2O / 45 h / 20 °C 6.2: 53 percent / HCl / H2O View Scheme

1: pyridine 2: aq. NH3 / methanol / 20 °C 3: 68 percent / NaOAc / nitromethane / 14 h / Heating 4: 96 percent / aq. HCl / methanol View Scheme

1: aq. NH3 / methanol / 20 °C 2: 68 percent / NaOAc / nitromethane / 14 h / Heating 3: 96 percent / aq. HCl / methanol View Scheme

1: 68 percent / NaOAc / nitromethane / 14 h / Heating 2: 96 percent / aq. HCl / methanol View Scheme

1: 74 percent / DBU / toluene / 16 h / Heating 2: 95 percent / aq. HCl / methanol / 0.5 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: 97 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid / dimethylformamide 2: 93 percent / diisobutylaluminum hydride / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h / -78 °C 3: 80 percent / Ti(Oi-Pr)4; (+)-diisopropyl tartrate; t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2 / -20 °C 4: 97 percent / 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine; triethylamine / CH2Cl2 / 16 h / 20 °C 5: 92 percent / 4,5-dichloro-3,6-dioxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,2-dicarbonitrile / CH2Cl2; H2O / 3 h / 20 °C 6: 100 percent / diisopropylethylamine / CH2Cl2 / 20 °C 7: 91 percent / NaN3 / dimethylformamide / 80 °C 8: 83 percent / triphenylphosphine / tetrahydrofuran; H2O / 20 °C 9: 90 percent / ethanol / 65 h / Heating 10: 100 percent / hydrochloric acid / methanol; H2O / 4 h / 70 °C View Scheme

1: 80 percent / Ti(Oi-Pr)4; (+)-diisopropyl tartrate; t-BuOOH / CH2Cl2 / -20 °C 2: 97 percent / 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine; triethylamine / CH2Cl2 / 16 h / 20 °C 3: 92 percent / 4,5-dichloro-3,6-dioxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,2-dicarbonitrile / CH2Cl2; H2O / 3 h / 20 °C 4: 100 percent / diisopropylethylamine / CH2Cl2 / 20 °C 5: 91 percent / NaN3 / dimethylformamide / 80 °C 6: 83 percent / triphenylphosphine / tetrahydrofuran; H2O / 20 °C 7: 90 percent / ethanol / 65 h / Heating 8: 100 percent / hydrochloric acid / methanol; H2O / 4 h / 70 °C View Scheme

1: oxalyl chloride / dimethylsulfoxide 2: 1.) DBU 2.) NaBH4 / 1.) CH2Cl2 3: H2 View Scheme

1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; hydrogen / ethanol / 258.58 Torr / Reflux 2: hydrogenchloride / ethanol / 3 h / 40 °C View Scheme