1: 2 g / aq. KOH / ethanol / 24 h / 30 °C 2: 0.8 g / selenium dioxide / pentan-1-ol / 24 h / Heating 3: 0.2 g / AlCl3 / acetonitrile / 24 h / Heating View Scheme

1: potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1.5 h / 60 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: selenium(IV) oxide; dihydrogen peroxide / tert-butyl alcohol / 10 h / 50 °C / Inert atmosphere 3: potassium carbonate / methanol / 3 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4: potassium carbonate / acetone / 9.5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 5: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C 6: lithium hexamethyldisilazane / tetrahydrofuran / -30 - 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 7: trifluoroacetic acid / methanol / 24 h / 50 °C View Scheme

1: 4percent aq. NaOH, 6percent aq. H2O2 / methanol / 2 h / 50 °C 2: pyridine 3: 77 percent / K2CO3 / acetone; dimethylformamide / 50 h / Heating 4: 10percent aq. NaOH / methanol / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 5: K2CO3 / acetone / 3 h / Heating 6: H2 / 10percent Pd/C / methanol; ethyl acetate / Ambient temperature 7: pyridine 8: 1.) AcOH, BF3(g), 2.) pyridine / 1.) from 50 to 60 deg C, 5 h 9: 10percent aq. NaOH / methanol / 0.25 h / Ambient temperature 10: (i-Pr)2NEt / CH2Cl2 / 0.83 h / 5 °C 11: pyridine / 3 h / 60 - 70 °C 12: KOH, pyridine / 2 h / 60 °C 13: conc. H2SO4, HOAc / 1 h / 50 °C 14: 97 percent / K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / 0.08 h / 150 °C 15: 1.) dimethyldioxirane, 2.) p-TsOH / 1.) CH2Cl2, Me2CO, 0 deg C, 12 h, 2.) CH2Cl2, 0 deg C, 30 min 16: 100 percent / K2CO3 / acetone / 2 h / Heating 17: 100 percent / AlBr3 / acetonitrile / 0.83 h / 0 °C 18: 100 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 0.67 h / 70 °C 19: 100 percent / H2 / 10percent Pd/C / ethyl acetate; methanol / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 4percent aq. NaOH, 6percent aq. H2O2 / methanol / 2 h / 50 °C 2: pyridine 3: 77 percent / K2CO3 / acetone; dimethylformamide / 50 h / Heating 4: 10percent aq. NaOH / methanol / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 5: K2CO3 / acetone / 3 h / Heating 6: H2 / 10percent Pd/C / methanol; ethyl acetate / Ambient temperature 7: pyridine 8: 1.) AcOH, BF3(g), 2.) pyridine / 1.) from 50 to 60 deg C, 5 h View Scheme

1: pyridine / 1 h / 100 °C 2: KOH / pyridine / 3 h / 60 °C 3: sodium acetate / acetic acid / 4 h / Heating View Scheme

1: potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1.5 h / 60 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: selenium(IV) oxide; dihydrogen peroxide / tert-butyl alcohol / 10 h / 50 °C / Inert atmosphere 3: potassium carbonate / methanol / 3 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4: potassium carbonate / acetone / 9.5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 5: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C 6: lithium hexamethyldisilazane / tetrahydrofuran / -30 - 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 7: trifluoroacetic acid / methanol / 24 h / 50 °C 8: AlCl3, aluminium chloride; ethanethiol / CHCl2 / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

1: CHCl3; ethyl acetate 2: cupric bromide / 2.5 h / 40 - 50 °C View Scheme

1: 3.66 g / AlCl3 / diethyl ether / 1.5 h / 0 °C 2: 2.85 g / AlCl3 / acetonitrile / 1 h / 70 °C View Scheme

AlCl3, aluminium chloride in tetrahydrofuran T=0 - 20°C;

1: 84 percent / K2CO3 / acetone / 0.08 h / 73 °C / microwave irradiation 2: 3.66 g / AlCl3 / diethyl ether / 1.5 h / 0 °C 3: 2.85 g / AlCl3 / acetonitrile / 1 h / 70 °C View Scheme