1: dimethylformamide / 2 h / 60 °C 2: NaBH4 / ethanol / 1.) RT, 4.5 h, 2.) 50 deg C, 1 h 3: 94.5 percent / pyridine / Ambient temperature 4: 85.9 percent / 90percent nitric acid / acetic acid / 6 h / Ambient temperature 5: 93 percent / acetic acid, zinc dust / ethanol / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 6: 1.) a) hydrochloric acid, sodium nitrite, b) aq. HBF4, 2.) potassium cyanide / 1.) -5 deg C, 20 min, 2.) DMSO, 20 deg C, 1.5 h 7: 5N aq. sodium hydroxide / ethanol / 1.5 h / 20 °C 8: 35percent hydrogen peroxide / dimethylsulfoxide / 0.25 h / 15 °C 9: 91 percent / manganese(IV) oxide / tetrahydrofuran / 9 h / Ambient temperature 10: Pd/C / methanol / 760 Torr / Ambient temperature View Scheme