2: NaBH4 3: 76.3 percent / toluene-p-sulphonic acid / benzene / 0.5 h / 45 °C 4: 1.) mercury(II) acetate, 2.) lithium chloride, 3.) palladium dichloride, lithium chloride / 1.) methanol, room temperature, 2 h, 2.) acetone, 15 min 5: 85.6 percent / H2 / 10percent palladium-charcoal / acetone 6: 57.6 percent / sodium methoxide / methanol 7: 71.5 percent / m-chloroperbenzoic acid, toluene-p-sulphonic acid (trace) 8: 39 mg / toluene-p-sulphonic acid View Scheme

1: copper(ll) bromide / ethyl acetate; chloroform; methanol / 4 h / 70 °C 2: 1H-imidazole / dichloromethane / 1.25 h / 20 °C 3: sodium tetrahydroborate / ethanol / 1 h / 20 °C 4: toluene-4-sulfonic acid / toluene / 0.33 h / 80 °C / |Microwave irradiation 5: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); sodium carbonate / toluene; ethanol; water / 80 °C 6: hydrogen fluoride; pyridine / tetrahydrofuran / 5 h / 20 °C View Scheme

ethanol; nickel Hydrogenation;

toluene-4-sulfonic acid in benzene 2 h; Heating;

1: 68 percent / perchloric acid; silica gel / 0.5 h / 90 - 100 °C 2: 42 percent / benzene / 4 h / Irradiation View Scheme