hydrogenchloride in water Resolution of racemate;

1: 79 percent / Et3N, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / CH2Cl2 / 0 deg C, 1 h -> room temperature, 15 h 2: 78 percent / H2 / Pd/C / ethanol; acetic acid / 15 h / 2068.6 Torr / Ambient temperature 3: 1.) aq. NaOH, aq. NaBH3CN, 2.) Dowex 50 (H+, 50-100 mesh) / 1.) water, room temperature, pH 7.0 View Scheme

1: 78 percent / H2 / Pd/C / ethanol; acetic acid / 15 h / 2068.6 Torr / Ambient temperature 2: 1.) aq. NaOH, aq. NaBH3CN, 2.) Dowex 50 (H+, 50-100 mesh) / 1.) water, room temperature, pH 7.0 View Scheme

sodium hydroxide 24 h; Ambient temperature;

sodium hydroxide; sodium hydrogencarbonate T=40°C; 4 h;

1: 1.) triethylamine / 1.) 5 h, RT, benzene; 2.) ethylacetate 2: H2 / Pd/C View Scheme

1: 1.) triethylamine / 1.) 5 h, RT, benzene; 2.) ethylacetate 2: H2 / Pd/C View Scheme

1: 1.) triethylamine / 1.) 5 h, RT, benzene; 2.) ethylacetate 2: H2 / Pd/C View Scheme

1: 45 percent / methanol; H2O / 8 h / 70 °C 2: 99.3 percent / NH4Cl / aq. NH3 / 50 h / 37 °C / enzymatic hydrolysis with Pseudomonas putida at pH 9 3: 1.) NaNO2, 2N H2SO4; 2.) KBr, NaNO2, 3N H2SO4 / 1.) 50percent CH3COOH, r.t., 24 h; 2.) 50percent CH3COOH, 0-5 deg C, 1 h 4: 95 percent / SOCl2 / 24 h / Ambient temperature 5: 70 percent / (NH4)2CO3 / H2O; nitromethane / 96 h / 50 °C 6: 89 percent / TFA / 24 h / Ambient temperature 7: 75.8 percent / 1N NaOH / 24 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 99.3 percent / NH4Cl / aq. NH3 / 50 h / 37 °C / enzymatic hydrolysis with Pseudomonas putida at pH 9 2: 1.) NaNO2, 2N H2SO4; 2.) KBr, NaNO2, 3N H2SO4 / 1.) 50percent CH3COOH, r.t., 24 h; 2.) 50percent CH3COOH, 0-5 deg C, 1 h 3: 95 percent / SOCl2 / 24 h / Ambient temperature 4: 70 percent / (NH4)2CO3 / H2O; nitromethane / 96 h / 50 °C 5: 89 percent / TFA / 24 h / Ambient temperature 6: 75.8 percent / 1N NaOH / 24 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme