in neat (no solvent, solid phase) byproducts: H2O; Sn-compound and ligand were grinded at room temp. for 30 min; CH2Cl2 was added, filtered, evapd.;

in ethanol byproducts: NaCl; refluxed in abs. EtOH for 3-4 h; concd., cooled, filtered, benzene was added to the filtrate, mixt. was refluxed for ca. 2 h in a Dean-Stark apparatus filtering off any sepd. NaCl, solvent was removed, residue was purified by washing with light petroleum; elem. anal.;

C6H4(2-NH2)COOH in toluene elem. anal.;

in toluene azeotropic dehydration by refluxing stoichiometric amounts of triphenyltin hydroxide and the arylcarboxylic acid in toluene, 2 hours;; recrystallization from ether - petroleum ether; elem. anal.;;