PPA in xylene T=95 - 100°C; 1 h; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;

1: Na / pentan-1-ol / 1 h / Heating 2: 10N aq. HCl, FeCl3 / 2 h / Heating 3: 1.) Hg(OAc)2; 2.) 20percent aq. NaOH / 1.) glacial AcOH, reflux, 20-24 h; 2.) MeOH, reflux, 10 min. 4: polyphosphoric acid / xylene / 1 h / 95 - 100 °C View Scheme

1: 10N aq. HCl, FeCl3 / 2 h / Heating 2: 1.) Hg(OAc)2; 2.) 20percent aq. NaOH / 1.) glacial AcOH, reflux, 20-24 h; 2.) MeOH, reflux, 10 min. 3: polyphosphoric acid / xylene / 1 h / 95 - 100 °C View Scheme

1: 1.) Hg(OAc)2; 2.) 20percent aq. NaOH / 1.) glacial AcOH, reflux, 20-24 h; 2.) MeOH, reflux, 10 min. 2: polyphosphoric acid / xylene / 1 h / 95 - 100 °C View Scheme

N-bromosuccinmide; 2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile; lithium carbonate; LiF 1.) CCl4, reflux, 3 h; 2.) HMPA, 100 deg C, 3 h; Yield given. Multistep reaction. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;

1: NBA 2: 96 percent / Amberlise (-OH form) View Scheme