tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); water; N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=80°C; 15 h; Inert atmosphere;

potassium hydroxide in dimethyl sulfoxide T=40°C; 21 h;

1: thionyl chloride; N,N-dimethylformamide / 2 h / Heating 2: 81 percent / aluminium chloride / 1 h / Heating 3: 25 percent / potassium hydroxide / dimethylsulfoxide / 21 h / 40 °C View Scheme

1: 81 percent / aluminium chloride / 1 h / Heating 2: 25 percent / potassium hydroxide / dimethylsulfoxide / 21 h / 40 °C View Scheme