1: 50percent aq. KOH / Heating 2: 75 percent / sodium carbonate / ethanol / 10 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 50percent aq. KOH / Heating 2: 75 percent / sodium carbonate / ethanol / 10 h / Heating 3: 86 percent / copper powder, cuprous iodide, sodium carbonate / dimethylformamide / 12 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 50percent aq. KOH / Heating 2: 75 percent / sodium carbonate / ethanol / 10 h / Heating 3: 86 percent / copper powder, cuprous iodide, sodium carbonate / dimethylformamide / 12 h / Heating 4: stannous chloride, acetic anhydride, HCl (g) / acetic acid / Ambient temperature 5: 1. sodium nitrite / 1. 48percent fluoroboric acid, -5 degC, 1h; 2. ice cold, 1h; 3. 30 min. View Scheme