1: in tetrahydrofuran; toluene T=55°C; 10 h; high-dilution; 2: With sodium hydroxide in tetrahydrofuran; toluene T=20°C; 48 h;

1.1: 97 percent / H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / ethanol / 20 °C 2.1: toluene; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 55 °C / high-dilution 2.2: 44 percent / NaOH / toluene; tetrahydrofuran / 48 h / 20 °C View Scheme

N-benzyl-N,N,N-triethylammonium chloride; caesium carbonate in dichloromethane T=20°C;

di(n-butyl)tin oxide 1) benzene, reflux; 2) benzene, reflux; Yield given. Multistep reaction;