1: (S)-1-(2-piperidino-phenyl)-3-methyl-1-butyl-N-benzyl-ammonium L-mandelate With sodium hydroxide; water in toluene 2: (2-ethoxy-4-ethoxycarbonyl-phenyl)acetic acid With 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole in water; toluene; acetonitrile Product distribution / selectivity;