hydrogen; palladium on activated carbon in 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; water; isopropyl alcohol T=3 - 69°C; 23.25 h;

hydrogenchloride in water; isopropyl alcohol T=40°C; 6.16667 h;

1.1: sodium hydroxide / isopropanol acetate; water / 0.5 h / Large scale reaction 1.2: 17 h / 90 °C / Large scale reaction 2.1: sodium acetate; acetic acid / water; butanone / 7.5 h / 37 °C / Large scale reaction 2.2: 37 °C 2.3: 7.5 h / 37 °C 3.1: 4-methyl-morpholine; 5 Pd(II)/C(eggshell); hydrogen / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 22 °C / 1140.08 Torr / Large scale reaction View Scheme